

In addition, the severity and frequent occurrence of SPE substantiates the requirement of the identification of candidate molecules which may provide novel insights into SPE pathogenesis.

Whether and how the miRNA expression pattern is changed in the placentas of patients with SPE is yet to be elucidated. Chang et al () reported that the top-ranked placental mRNA transcripts differed between patients with PE and those with SPE, suggesting that the pathogeneses of these two diseases are driven by different molecular mechanisms, which may include variations in the miRNA regulation network. Aberrant expression of certain miRNAs has been identified in the placentas and blood from women with PE, suggesting that miRNA deregulation is involved in PE pathogenesis (,). MiRNAs negatively regulate gene expression by binding to the 3′-untranslated region of the target mRNAs and thus may possess important control functions in diverse biological processes (,). MiRNAs are a class of 21–25-nucleotide noncoding single-stranded small RNAs. Recent studies have reported the implication of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development of PE (,). Despite the fact that the origin and pathogenesis of both PE and SPE have been extensively investigated (,–), they remain unclear to date. Superimposed PE on chronic hypertension (SPE) is associated with poor pregnancy out comes (,). Women with chronic hypertension are 3–5 times more likely to develop PE than those with normal blood pressure (). It affects 5–8% of pregnant women and is one of the predominant causes of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide (,). Introduction Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a complication of pregnancy characterized by the onset of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation.

Among the 6 novel miRNAs, 4 were upregulated (miR‑518a, miR‑527, miR‑518e and miR‑4532) and 2 downregulated (miR‑98 and miR‑135b) in SPE placentas compared with controls. They included 16 miRNAs previously known to be associated with PE and 6 novel miRNAs. A total of 22 miRNAs were identified to be deregulated in placentas from patients with SPE. Sequencing data were processed using a comprehensive analysis pipeline for deep miRNA sequencing (CAP‑miRSeq).
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MiRNA expression profiles in SPE and normal placentas were investigated using an Ion Torrent sequencing system. The present study analyzed the placental miRNA expression profile in pregnancies complicated by SPE. Whether and how the miRNA expression pattern is changed in the SPE placenta remains unclear. PE is associated with an altered microRNA (miRNA) expression pattern in the placenta, suggesting that miRNA deregulation is involved in the pathogenesis of PE. Preexisting hypertension in women developing PE, also known as superimposed PE on chronic hypertension (SPE), leads to elevated risk of maternal and fetal mortality. It is usually diagnosed based on the de novo onset of hypertension and proteinuria. Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a complication of pregnancy that affects 5‑8% of women after 20 weeks of gestation.
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